Mixed Steel Deck Systems and Their Applications in Civil Construction: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Composite steel–concrete systems have significantly transformed structural engineering practices over the last decades. Among these systems, the steel deck slab—also known as composite slab or collaborative slab—has become one of the most efficient solutions for multi-story buildings and industrial structures. This review article presents a comprehensive analysis of the historical development, structural behavior, design principles, execution methods, advantages, limitations, economic impact, sustainability aspects, fire resistance considerations, and maintenance requirements of steel deck systems. The study consolidates technical literature, Brazilian standards (NBR 8800 and NBR 6118), and international research to evaluate the structural efficiency and practical applications of composite slabs. Results demonstrate that steel deck systems provide substantial improvements in construction speed, reduction of material waste, enhanced productivity, and optimized structural performance when compared to conventional reinforced concrete slabs. Despite certain limitations in corrosive environments and fire exposure conditions, the steel deck system represents a rational, economical, and sustainable solution for modern construction demands.